Everything You Need to Know About Gum Disease

Did you know that gum disease is the number one cause of tooth loss in adults? And most people don't even know they have it until it's too late!

What is Gum Disease?

Gum disease (also called periodontal disease) is an infection of the tissues that hold your teeth in place. It starts with bacteria in plaque building up on your teeth and gums.

There are two stages:

Stage 1 – Gingivitis (Early Stage)
- Gums become red, swollen, and bleed easily when you brush
- Usually painless — so most people ignore it!
- Completely reversible with proper treatment and cleaning

Stage 2 – Periodontitis (Advanced Stage)
- Infection spreads below the gum line
- Gums pull away from teeth (receding gums)
- Bone that supports the teeth gets destroyed
- Teeth become loose and may fall out

Warning Signs of Gum Disease:
- Bleeding gums when brushing or flossing
- Red, swollen, or tender gums
- Persistent bad breath
- Receding gums (teeth look longer than before)
- Loose or shifting teeth
- Pain when chewing

What Causes Gum Disease?

1. Poor oral hygiene (not brushing and flossing regularly)
2. Smoking and tobacco use
3. Diabetes
4. Hormonal changes (pregnancy, menopause)
5. Certain medications
6. Genetics

How to Prevent Gum Disease:

1. Brush properly twice a day
2. Floss every day — this is the most important step!
3. Use antibacterial mouthwash
4. Quit smoking
5. Eat a balanced diet
6. Visit your dentist every 6 months

Treatment Options:
- Gingivitis: Professional cleaning + improved home care
- Periodontitis: Deep cleaning (scaling and root planing)
- Advanced cases: Surgery may be needed

The most important thing to remember — gum disease is preventable. Start taking care of your gums today before it's too late!

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